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Title: Guatemalan Army Checkpoint Along Pan American Highway
Date: 1982-03-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Army soldiers check the identity cards of bus passengers along the Pan American Highway to Chichicastenango, Guatemala, March 1, 1982. In 1981 the Lucas García military regime and the Guatemalan army initiated a brutal counterinsurgency program of scorched earth tactics to consolidate control over civilians and counteract the influence of the guerrilla insurgency. The genocidal policies enacted by Lucas García and later by Ríos Montt were also intended to eradicate the culture and identity of the indigenous population.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Daily life; Military; Counterinsurgency; Scorched Earth; Fernando Romeo Lucas García
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0049_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96774
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Guatemalan Army Checkpoint Along Pan American Highway
Date: 1982-03-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Army soldiers check the identity cards of bus passengers along the Pan American Highway to Chichicastenango, Guatemala, March 1, 1982. In 1981 the Lucas García military regime and the Guatemalan army initiated a brutal counterinsurgency program of scorched earth tactics to consolidate control over civilians and counteract the influence of the guerrilla insurgency. The genocidal policies enacted by Lucas García and later by Ríos Montt were also intended to eradicate the culture and identity of the indigenous population.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Daily life; Military; Counterinsurgency; Scorched Earth; Fernando Romeo Lucas García
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0050_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96775
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Ixil Maya Religious Procession In Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Ixil Maya men leave the central plaza following a Roman Catholic church service in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. The guerrilla organization Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, maintained a base of operations in the Ixil region during the armed conflict, and retaliation from the Guatemalan Armed Forces with an aggressive scorched-earth policy saw the destruction of villages and crops along with the mass murder and disappearance of Ixil civilians.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP); Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0114_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96963
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Three Maya Ixil siblings, Marcelina Cedillo Marcos, right, her sister, left, and their younger brother, Pedro Cedillo Marcos, center, sit for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0006_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96729
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A young Maya Ixil man sits for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. The guerrilla organization Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, maintained a base of operations in the Ixil region during the armed conflict, and retaliation from the Guatemalan Armed Forces with an aggressive scorched-earth policy saw the destruction of villages and crops along with the mass murder and disappearance of Ixil civilians.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0007_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96730
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A young Maya Ixil girl wearing a traditional head dress, left, sits for a picture with her brother and sister in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0008_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96731
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Maya Ixil woman wearing a traditional head dress sits for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0009_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96732
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Maya Ixil man sits for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. The guerrilla organization Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, maintained a base of operations in the Ixil region during the armed conflict, and retaliation from the Guatemalan Armed Forces with an aggressive scorched-earth policy saw the destruction of villages and crops along with the mass murder and disappearance of Ixil civilians.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0010_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96733
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A young Maya Ixil woman wears a traditional head dress as she works in an open air kitchen in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0011_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96734
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Ana Raymundo Brito, center, 34 years, stands for a photograph with three of her 9 children in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0012_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96735
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Maya Ixil woman wearing a traditional head dress sits for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0025_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96748
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Two of Petrona Brito's children sit for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarifiaction Commision to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0031_v01_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96755
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Two of Petrona Brito's children sit for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army’s scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarifiaction Commision to determine the state’s actions to be “acts of genocide against groups of Maya people”.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0031_v02_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96756
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Clara Luz Brito Raymundo, 8 years, stands for a picture wearing a traditional Maya Ixil head dress in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0016_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96739
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Maya Ixil mother and her daughter Josefa Cedillo Marcos, left, 12 years, and niece Juana Cedillo Perez, center, 6 years, sit for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0004_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96854
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Ana Raymundo Brito, left, 34 years, holds one of her 9 children as she poses for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. The guerrilla organization Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, maintained a base of operations in the Ixil region during the armed conflict, and retaliation from the Guatemalan Armed Forces with an aggressive scorched-earth policy saw the destruction of villages and crops along with the mass murder and disappearance of Ixil civilians.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0005_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96855
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Maya Ixil mother and her daughter Josefa Cedillo Marcos, left, 12 years, and niece Juana Cedillo Perez, center, 6 years, sit for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Subject -- Personal Name: Josefa Cedillo Marcos; Juana Cedillo Perez
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0111_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96960
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Three Maya Ixil children, Marcelina Cedillo Marcos, right, her cousin Juana Cedillo Perez, left, and her younger brother, Pedro Cedillo Marcos, center, sit for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Subject -- Personal Name: Pedro Cedillo Marcos; Marcelina Cedillo Marcos; Juana Cedillo Perez
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0112_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96961
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Maya Ixil woman wearing a traditional head dress sits for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. Nebaj forms part of the Ixil community along with neighboring towns San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul in the Quiché department. From 1981 to 1983, the Ixil community was subject to the destruction of their villages and the murder and disappearance of thousands from the army's scorched earth campaigns, leading the United Nations-sponsored Historical Clarification Commission to determine the state's actions to be "acts of genocide against groups of Maya people".
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0113_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96962
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

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