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- Title
- 12 Campesinos Killed And Thrown Down A Well By Local Death Squads
- Date
- 1984-04-07
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran man speaks about the finding of twelve local campesinos who were killed and thrown down a 180-foot well, bottom center, in the village of Los Mangos, Sonsonate department, El Salvador, April 7, 1984. The two men implicated in the murder were members of a civil defense unit associated with local death squads. Civil defense patrols were utilized by the Salvadoran state regime as a form of paramilitary control, specifically over the rural sectors of society. The civil defense patrols along with the Salvadoran National Guard were complicit in indiscriminate attacks on peasant cooperatives and villages suspected of subversive sympathies.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Death squads; Civilian casualties; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Human rights violations
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0304_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96432
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 12 Campesinos Killed And Thrown Down A Well By Local Death Squads
- Date
- 1984-04-07
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran National Guardsman, right, speaks to the media, including radio reporter Edith Caron, left, about the killing of twelve local campesinos in the village of Los Mangos, Sonsonate department, El Salvador, April 7, 1984. The two men implicated in the murder, in which they reportedly threw the twelve men down a 180-foot well, were members of a civil defense unit associated with local death squads. Civil defense patrols were utilized by the Salvadoran state regime as a form of paramilitary control, specifically over the rural sectors of society. The civil defense patrols along with the Salvadoran National Guard were complicit in indiscriminate attacks on peasant cooperatives and villages suspected of subversive sympathies.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Death squads; Civilian casualties; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Human rights violations
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Edith Caron
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0305_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96433
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 12 Campesinos Killed And Thrown Down A Well By Local Death Squads
- Date
- 1984-04-07
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A handcuffed Salvadoran man implicated in the killing of twelve local campesinos speaks to the media, including radio reporter Edith Caron, right, in the village of Los Mangos, Sonsonate department, El Salvador, April 7, 1984. The two men implicated in the murder, in which they reportedly threw the twelve men down a 180-foot well, were members of a civil defense unit associated with local death squads. Civil defense patrols were utilized by the Salvadoran state regime as a form of paramilitary control, specifically over the rural sectors of society. The civil defense patrols along with the Salvadoran National Guard were complicit in indiscriminate attacks on peasant cooperatives and villages suspected of subversive sympathies.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Death squads; Civilian casualties; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Human rights violations
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Edith Caron
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0303_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96431
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 12 Campesinos Were Thrown Down A Well and Killed By Local Death Squads
- Date
- 1984-04-07
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A crowd of local townspeople listen to a handcuffed Salvadoran man implicated in the killing of twelve local campesinos as he speaks to the media in the village of Los Mangos, Sonsonate department, El Salvador, April 7, 1984. The two men implicated in the murder, in which they reportedly threw the twelve men down a 180-foot well, were members of a civil defense unit associated with local death squads. Civil defense patrols were utilized by the Salvadoran state regime as a form of paramilitary control, specifically over the rural sectors of society. The civil defense patrols along with the Salvadoran National Guard were complicit in indiscriminate attacks on peasant cooperatives and villages suspected of subversive sympathies.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Death squads; Civilian casualties; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Human rights violations
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0306_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96434
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 1982 Coup Planner Captain Rodolfo Muñoz
- Date
- 1982-03-23
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A view of Captain Carlos Rodolfo Muñoz Piloña, center, as he walks down a hallway in the Guatemalan National Palace on March 23, 1982, after the military coup d'etat that installed General Ríos Montt into power. Captain Muñoz was the mastermind behind the military coup.
- Subject
- Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Military; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Cold War
- Country
- Guatemala
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Rodolfo Muñoz Piloña
- Local Identifier
- guatemala_ct_0117_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
- Date
- 1984-03-26
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran army soldier stands over a dead guerrilla from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberacion, FPL, killed in a battle in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. The Salvadoran army lost 57 soldiers in the battle while FPL guerrillas lost 16 when they attacked two army positions 20 miles from San Salvador, the nation's capital. The twelve-year armed conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0299_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96427
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
- Date
- 1984-03-26
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Salvadoran army soldiers gather body bags of 57 dead soldiers killed by guerrillas from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. FPL guerrillas lost 16 fighters when they attacked two army positions 20 miles from San Salvador, the nation's capital. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0301_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96429
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
- Date
- 1984-03-26
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Salvadoran army soldiers gather body bags of 57 dead soldiers killed by guerrillas from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. FPL guerrillas lost 16 fighters when they attacked two army positions 20 miles from San Salvador, the nation's capital. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0302_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96430
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
- Date
- 1984-03-26
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Salvadoran army soldiers gather the body bags of 57 dead soldiers killed by guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. Guerrillas attacked two army positions in Tejutepeque, 20 miles from San Salvador, and reported 16 of their own killed in the ambush. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war that claimed over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0054_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96182
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
- Date
- 1984-03-26
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Salvadoran army soldiers gather the body bags of 57 dead soldiers killed by guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. Guerrillas attacked two army positions in Tejutepeque, 20 miles from San Salvador, and reported 16 of their own killed in the ambush. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war that claimed over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0055_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96183
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
- Date
- 1984-03-26
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Salvadoran army soldiers gather the body bags of 57 dead soldiers killed by guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. Guerrillas attacked two army positions in Tejutepeque, 20 miles from San Salvador, and reported 16 of their own killed in the ambush. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war that claimed over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0056_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96184
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
- Date
- 1984-03-26
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Photographers record the aftermath of a battle while Salvadoran army soldiers gather body bags of 57 dead soldiers killed by guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. Guerrillas attacked two army positions in Tejutepeque, 20 miles from San Salvador, and reported 16 of their own killed in the ambush.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Media; Foreign correspondents
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Roland Neveu; James Nachtwey
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0242_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96709
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Abandoned Cinquera Town In Cabañas Department
- Date
- 1984-09-08
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A deserted building lies in disrepair in Cinquera, Cabañas department, El Salvador, September 8, 1984. At the time the town was continuously changing hands between Salvadoran government soldiers and guerrillas from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, in a bitter war of attrition that marked the twelve-year conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Counterinsurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0119_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96247
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Armed UH-1 Helicopter Lands in Central El Salvador
- Date
- 1984-09-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- An armed UH-1 helicopter lands in an unidentified village in central El Salvador, September 1, 1984. As early as 1950, the United States provided extensive support in the establishment of a counterintelligence apparatus for the Salvadoran military and police forces, in addition to direct military funding and assistance. Over the course of the civil war from 1980-1992, the United States sent more than $6 billion to the Salvadoran government in economic and military aid.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; United States foreign policy; Cold War
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0209_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96676
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Army And Civil Defense Militia Fight Guerrillas In El Salvador
- Date
- 1982-01-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran soldier, left, and a member of a local civil defense militia, right, take cover in a neighborhood cemetery during a battle with guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front, FMLN, in San Salvador, El Salvador, January 1, 1982. Civil defense units in El Salvador operated under military command and were complicit along with the Salvadoran National Guard in indiscriminate attacks on peasant cooperatives and villages suspected of subversive sympathies.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0233_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96700
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Army Checkpoint In Guatemala City
- Date
- 1982-02-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Guatemalan army soldiers check bus passengers for weapons in Guatemala City, Guatemala, February 1, 1982. Tighter security measures were being taken due to the upcoming presidential elections scheduled for March 7, 1982. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960-1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was perpetrated by the state.
- Subject
- Guatemala; Civil war; Elections; Daily life; Counterinsurgency; State-sponsored violence
- Country
- Guatemala
- Local Identifier
- guatemala_nb_0125_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96850
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Army Helicopter Resupply In San Miguel Department
- Date
- 1983-08-23
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran army helicopter lands with a supply of food during a military operation in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 23, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0143_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96610
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Army Helicopter Resupply In San Miguel Department
- Date
- 1983-08-23
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran army helicopter lands with a supply of food during a military operation in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 23, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0126_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96593
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- The Atlacatl Battalion Advances In Tenancingo
- Date
- 1983-09-27
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A soldier from the Atlacatl Battalion advances during a military operation in pursuit of guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tenancingo, El Salvador, September 27, 1983. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first Salvadoran rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0133_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96261
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- The Atlacatl Battalion Advances In Tenancingo
- Date
- 1983-09-27
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Soldiers from the Atlacatl Battalion advance during a military operation in pursuit of guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tenancingo, El Salvador, September 27, 1983. Rapid reaction battalions were trained in counterinsurgency tactics to combat guerrilla warfare and were designed and funded by the United States military. Over the course of the civil war from 1980-1992, the United States sent more than $6 billion to the Salvadoran government in economic and military aid.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0261_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96389
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image