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Title: Clearing The Road From Guerrilla Sabatoge Before Elections
Date: 1982-03-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Army soldiers and local civilians clear a section of the Pan American Highway blocked by felled trees during the ongoing civil war, Los Encuentros, Guatemala, March 7, 1982. The trees were downed in protest by the guerrilla group Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, to block the road the day of the presidential elections. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was committed by government forces.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Politics; Elections; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Cold War; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0049_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96898
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Clearing The Road From Guerrilla Sabotage Before Elections
Date: 1982-03-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Army soldiers and local civilians clear a section of the Pan American Highway blocked by felled trees during the ongoing civil war, Los Encuentros, Guatemala, March 7, 1982. The trees were downed in protest by the guerrilla group Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, to block the road the day of the presidential elections. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was committed by government forces.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Politics; Elections; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Cold War; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0076_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96801
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Clearing The Road From Guerrilla Sabotage Before Elections
Date: 1982-03-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Army soldiers and local civilians clear a section of the Pan American Highway blocked by felled trees during the ongoing civil war, Los Encuentros, Guatemala, March 7, 1982. The trees were downed in protest by the guerrilla group Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, to block the road the day of the presidential elections. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was committed by government forces.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Politics; Elections; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Cold War; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0078_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96803
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Clearing The Road From Guerrilla Sabotage Before Elections
Date: 1982-03-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Army soldiers and local civilians clear a section of the Pan American Highway blocked by felled trees during the ongoing civil war, Los Encuentros, Guatemala, March 7, 1982. The trees were downed in protest by the guerrilla group Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, to block the road the day of the presidential elections. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was committed by government forces.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Politics; Elections; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Cold War; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0079_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96804
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Clearing The Road From Guerrilla Sabotage Before Elections
Date: 1982-03-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Army soldiers and local civilians clear a section of the Pan American Highway blocked by felled trees during the ongoing civil war, Los Encuentros, Guatemala, March 7, 1982. The trees were downed in protest by the guerrilla group Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, to block the road the day of the presidential elections. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was committed by government forces.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Politics; Elections; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Cold War; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0077_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96802
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Clearing The Road From Guerrilla Sabotage Before Elections
Date: 1982-03-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Army soldiers and local civilians clear a section of the Pan American Highway blocked by felled trees during the ongoing civil war, Los Encuentros, Guatemala, March 7, 1982. The trees were downed in protest by the guerrilla group Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, to block the road the day of the presidential elections. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was committed by government forces.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Politics; Elections; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Cold War; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0045_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96894
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Clearing The Road From Guerrilla Sabotage Before Elections
Date: 1982-03-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Army soldiers and local civilians clear a section of the Pan American Highway blocked by felled trees during the ongoing civil war, Los Encuentros, Guatemala, March 7, 1982. The trees were downed in protest by the guerrilla group Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, to block the road the day of the presidential elections. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was committed by government forces.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Politics; Elections; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Cold War; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0046_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96895
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Clearing The Road From Guerrilla Sabotage Before Elections
Date: 1982-03-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Army soldiers and local civilians clear a section of the Pan American Highway blocked by felled trees during the ongoing civil war, Los Encuentros, Guatemala, March 7, 1982. The trees were downed in protest by the guerrilla group Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, to block the road the day of the presidential elections. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was committed by government forces.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Politics; Elections; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Cold War; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0051_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96900
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Clearing The Road From Guerrilla Sabotage Before Elections
Date: 1982-03-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Army soldiers and local civilians clear a section of the Pan American Highway blocked by felled trees during the ongoing civil war, Los Encuentros, Guatemala, March 7, 1982. The trees were downed in protest by the guerrilla group Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, to block the road the day of the presidential elections. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was committed by government forces.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Politics; Elections; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Cold War; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0043_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96892
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Clearing The Road From Guerrilla Sabotage Before Elections
Date: 1982-03-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Army soldiers ride through a section of the Pan American Highway blocked by felled trees during the ongoing civil war, Los Encuentros, Guatemala, March 7, 1982. The trees were downed in protest by the guerrilla group Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, to block the road the day of the presidential elections. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was committed by government forces.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Politics; Elections; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Cold War; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0044_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96893
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: General Benedicto Lucas García Speaks To International Journalists At Regional Military Garrison In Santa Cruz del Quiché
Date: 1982-02-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: General Benedicto Lucas García speaks to a group of international journalists regarding a cache of weapons recently found by the military in a Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, safe house, Santa Cruz del Quiché, Guatemala, February 1, 1982. President Romeo Lucas García appointed his brother Benedicto Lucas García as chief of the General Staff of the Guatemalan Army in August of 1981 in response to the growing threat of insurgency to the military regime. Benedicto Lucas García was trained in irregular warfare and counterinsurgency at the controversial School of the Americas, SOA, and executed the military's scorched earth campaigns against the civilian Maya population. He was sentenced along with four other Guatemalan ex-officials on May 23, 2018 to 58 years in prison for crimes against humanity and aggravated sexual assault against Emma Guadalupe Molina Theissen and for the forced disappearance of her 14 year-old brother, Marco Antonio Molina Theissen, in 1981. Lucas García is currently on trial in Guatemala in a separate case of genocide, crimes against humanity, and forced disappearance of the Maya Ixil population during the period he was chief of the General Staff of the Guatemalan Army from 1981 to 1982.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Military; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Cold War; School of the Americas (SOA); Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP); Benedicto Lucas García
Country: Guatemala
Subject -- Personal Name: Benedicto Lucas García
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0028_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96877
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Ixil Maya Religious Procession In Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Ixil Maya men leave the central plaza following a Roman Catholic church service in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. The guerrilla organization Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, maintained a base of operations in the Ixil region during the armed conflict, and retaliation from the Guatemalan Armed Forces with an aggressive scorched-earth policy saw the destruction of villages and crops along with the mass murder and disappearance of Ixil civilians.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP); Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0114_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96963
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Reconstruction Of Bridge Destroyed By EGP Guerrillas
Date: 1982-09-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Local residents and members of civil defense patrols help reconstruct a bridge destroyed by guerrillas from the Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, with Guatemalan army engineers in Huehuetenango, Guatemala, September 1, 1982. In the central highlands, the Patrullas de Autodefensa Civil, civil defense patrols, PAC, were required to participate on public works projects as part of the Guatemalan Army's counterinsurgency plan to pacify the countryside.
Subject: Central America; Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Military; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Psychological warfare; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Patrullas de Autodefensa Civil (PAC); Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0071_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96920
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Reconstruction Of Bridge Destroyed By EGP Guerrillas
Date: 1982-09-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Local residents and members of civil defense patrols help reconstruct a bridge destroyed by guerrillas from the Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, with Guatemalan army engineers in Huehuetenango, Guatemala, September 1, 1982. In the central highlands, the Patrullas de Autodefensa Civil, civil defense patrols, PAC, were required to participate on public works projects as part of the Guatemalan Army's counterinsurgency plan to pacify the countryside.
Subject: Central America; Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Military; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Psychological warfare; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Patrullas de Autodefensa Civil (PAC); Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0079_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96928
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Reconstruction Of Bridge Destroyed By EGP Guerrillas
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Local residents and members of civil defense patrols help reconstruct a bridge destroyed by guerrillas from the Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, with Guatemalan army engineers in Huehuetenango, Guatemala, October 1, 1982. In the central highlands, the Patrullas de Autodefensa Civil, civil defense patrols, PAC, were required to participate on public works projects as part of the Guatemalan Army's counterinsurgency plan to pacify the countryside.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Military; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Psychological warfare; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Patrullas de Autodefensa Civil (PAC); Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0106_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96831
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A young Maya Ixil man sits for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. The guerrilla organization Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, maintained a base of operations in the Ixil region during the armed conflict, and retaliation from the Guatemalan Armed Forces with an aggressive scorched-earth policy saw the destruction of villages and crops along with the mass murder and disappearance of Ixil civilians.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0007_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96730
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Maya Ixil man sits for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. The guerrilla organization Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, maintained a base of operations in the Ixil region during the armed conflict, and retaliation from the Guatemalan Armed Forces with an aggressive scorched-earth policy saw the destruction of villages and crops along with the mass murder and disappearance of Ixil civilians.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0010_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96733
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Residents of Nebaj, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Ana Raymundo Brito, left, 34 years, holds one of her 9 children as she poses for a picture in Nebaj, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. The guerrilla organization Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, maintained a base of operations in the Ixil region during the armed conflict, and retaliation from the Guatemalan Armed Forces with an aggressive scorched-earth policy saw the destruction of villages and crops along with the mass murder and disappearance of Ixil civilians.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Military; Counterinsurgency; Fernando Romeo Lucas García; Efraín Ríos Montt; Operation Sofía; Plan Victoria 82; Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (EGP)
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0005_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96855
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

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