Search results

Title: Atlacatl Battalion Commander Lt. Col. Domingo Monterrosa In Santa Tecla, El Salvador
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Lieutenant Colonel Domingo Monterrosa speaks with journalists at the military headquarters of the Atlacatl Battalion in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. Monterrosa trained at the School of the Americas and headed the controversial Atlacatl Battalion, one of the rapid reaction counterinsurgency battalions coordinated and funded by the United States. The Atlacatl Battalion, under Monterrosa's command, was responsible for the infamous El Mozote massacre of December 1981, which remains the largest single massacre in recent Latin American history. Monterrosa was killed by FMLN guerrillas in a helicopter explosion along with 13 other army officers on October 23, 1984.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Atlacatl Battalion; School of the Americas; Domingo Monterrosa
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Domingo Monterrosa
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0157_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96285
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Atlacatl Rapid Reaction Battalion In Santa Tecla, El Salvador
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Detail of the hand of a Salvadoran army officer with his military academy ring at the First Battalion headquarters of the Atlacatl Battalion in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first Salvadoran rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Cold War
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0037_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96504
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Atlacatl Rapid Reaction Battalion In Santa Tecla, El Salvador
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A United States Army instructor, center right, inspects U.S.-made M-16 rifles during a training exercise at the First Battalion headquarters of the Atlacatl Battalion in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. As early as 1950, the United States provided extensive support in the establishment of a counterintelligence apparatus for the Salvadoran military and police forces, in addition to direct military funding and assistance. Over the course of the civil war from 1980-1992, the United States sent more than $6 billion to the Salvadoran government in economic and military aid.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Military training; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Atlacatl Battalion
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0038_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96505
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Coffee Harvest In Santa Tecla, El Salvador
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran laborers use a cucharón to load bags of freshly picked coffee beans for export at a privately-owned coffee finca in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. El Salvador relied on a primary-export economic model throughout the 20th century with the production of sugar cane, coffee, and cotton as the country's principal national income.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Economy; Labor; Agriculture; Land reform; Oligarchy
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0092_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96220
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Coffee Plantation In El Salvador
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Laborers gather 60 kg bags of picked green coffee beans in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. The coffee industry, once the backbone of El Salvador's export economy, has been in decline since the civil war, with factors including the decrease in the price of coffee on the market and continued warfare between government security forces and insurgents. In the last decades, the effects of climate change have emerged as a central concern for the industry in El Salvador and other neighboring Central American countries.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Economy; Agriculture; Labor; Export; Development
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0159_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96287
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Coffee Plantation In El Salvador
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Laborers gather 60 kg bags of picked green coffee beans in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. The coffee industry, once the backbone of El Salvador's export economy, has been in decline since the civil war, with factors including the decrease in the price of coffee on the market and continued warfare between government security forces and insurgents. In the last decades, the effects of climate change have emerged as a central concern for the industry in El Salvador and other neighboring Central American countries.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Economy; Agriculture; Labor; Export; Development
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0158_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96286
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Coffee Plantation In El Salvador
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Laborers gather 60 kg bags of picked green coffee beans in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. The coffee industry, once the backbone of El Salvador's export economy, has been in decline since the civil war, with factors including the decrease in the price of coffee on the market and continued warfare between government security forces and insurgents. In the last decades, the effects of climate change have emerged as a central concern for the industry in El Salvador and other neighboring Central American countries.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Economy; Agriculture; Labor; Export; Development; Coffee
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0099_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96227
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Coffee Workers In Santa Tecla, El Salvador
Date: 1983-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran laborers load bags of freshly picked coffee beans destined for export at a privately-owned coffee finca in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, October 1, 1983. El Salvador's primary-export economic structure in the 20th century concentrated land ownership and income in the hands of a small economic elite. This oligarchy effectively marginalized the rural sector of the population by closing political and social arenas as well as economic, which resulted in high levels of support for guerrilla insurgents in certain departments of the country.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Agriculture; Economy; Export; Land reform; Oligarchy; Insurgency
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0028_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96156
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Col. John D. Waghelstein Head Of U.S. Military Trainers
Date: 1983-03-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: United States Army Colonel John D. Waghelstein listens to an artillery instruction class given by one of the 55 U.S. military trainers to Salvadoran army soldiers stationed in San Juan Opico, El Salvador, March 1, 1983. Waghelstein served as commander of the U.S. trainers and was one of the army's leading experts on counterinsurgency warfare. Referred to as "trainers" to discourage comparisons with U.S. advisors during the Vietnam War, the trainers in El Salvador worked to strengthen the military capacity of the Salvadoran Armed Forces as well as enforce the preferred military strategy of the war's largest funder, the United States government.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Military training; Military aid; United States foreign policy; Cold War; John D. Waghelstein
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: John D. Waghelstein
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0051_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96179
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: D'Aubuisson Campaigns In Santa Tecla
Date: 1984-03-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Roberto D'Aubuisson, center, founder of right-wing conservative party Alianza Republicana Nacionalista, National Republican Alliance, ARENA, campaigns during a presidential rally in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, March 1, 1984. ARENA was established in 1981 and was primarily supported by right-wing extremists and members of the country's economic elite. D'Aubuisson's connection with the death squads made him a controversial figure in United States-Salvadoran relations during the war. He did, however, receive support from influential U.S. Republicans looking to safeguard economic interests, proving no coincidence in the name Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (National Republican Alliance).
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Government; Politics; Elections; Political campaigns; Human rights violations; Death squads; Oligarchy; Right-wing extremists; Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA); Roberto D'Aubuisson
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Roberto D'Aubuisson
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0042_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96170
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: D'Aubuisson Campaigns In Santa Tecla
Date: 1984-03-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Roberto D'Aubuisson, center, founder of right-wing conservative party Alianza Republicana Nacionalista, National Republican Alliance, ARENA, addresses a crowd during a presidential campaign rally in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, March 1, 1984. D'Aubuisson had previously served as Deputy Director of the Agencia Nacional de Seguridad Salvadoreña, National Security Agency of El Salvador, ANSESAL, known as the intelligence sector of the death squads, and was named responsible as giving the orders for the assassination of Archbishop Óscar Romero on March 24, 1980. D'Aubuisson died of throat cancer at the age of 48 in February of 1992, one month after the signing of the Chapultepec Peace Accords.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Government; Politics; Elections; Political campaigns; Human rights violations; Death squads; Oligarchy; Right-wing extremists; Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA); Agencia Nacional de Seguridad Salvadoreña (ANSESAL); Roberto D'Aubuisson
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Roberto D'Aubuisson
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0043_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96171
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Death Squad Victims At La Libertad Morgue
Date: 1984-08-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Unidentified men look at two corpses in the city morgue in La Libertad, El Salvador, August 10, 1984. Both victims were shot in the face and showed additional signs of bruising. The twelve-year armed conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Civilian casualties; Human rights violations; Daily life
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0044_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96172
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Death Squad Victims At La Libertad Morgue
Date: 1984-08-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Unidentified men look at two corpses in the city morgue in La Libertad, El Salvador, August 10, 1984. Both victims were shot in the face and showed additional signs of bruising. The twelve-year armed conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Civilian casualties; Human rights violations; Daily life
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0045_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96173
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Death Squad Victims At La Libertad Morgue
Date: 1984-08-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Unidentified men look at one of two corpses in the city morgue, La Libertad, El Salvador, August 10, 1984. Both victims were shot in the face and showed additional signs of bruising. The twelve-year armed conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Death squads
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0191_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96658
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Death Squad Victims At La Libertad Morgue
Date: 1984-08-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Unidentified men look at one of two corpses in the city morgue, La Libertad, El Salvador, August 10, 1984. Both victims were shot in the face and showed additional signs of bruising. The twelve-year armed conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Death squads
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0189_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96656
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Death Squad Victims At La Libertad Morgue
Date: 1984-08-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Unidentified men look at one of two corpses in the city morgue, La Libertad, El Salvador, August 10, 1984. Both victims were shot in the face and showed additional signs of bruising. The twelve-year armed conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Death squads
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0190_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96657
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Families At The Pacific Coast Beach Of La Libertad
Date: 1983-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Families congregate on the Pacific coast beach in La Libertad, El Salvador, January 1, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Daily life; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0008_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96136
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Families At The Pacific Coast Beach Of La Libertad
Date: 1983-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Families congregate on the Pacific coast beach in La Libertad, El Salvador, January 1, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Daily life; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0006_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96134
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Families At The Pacific Coast Beach Of La Libertad
Date: 1983-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Families congregate on the Pacific coast beach in La Libertad, El Salvador, January 1, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Daily life
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0092_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96559
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Memorial Service For U.S. Churchwomen Killings
Date: 1983-12-02
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: An unidentified member of the United States clergy offers communion on the third anniversary of the killing of four U.S. churchwomen in La Libertad, El Salvador, December 2, 1983. On December 2, 1980, Maryknoll sisters Maura Clarke and Ita Ford, Ursuline nun Dorothy Kazel, and lay missionary Jean Donovan were abducted, sexually abused, and executed near the airport in San Salvador by soldiers of the National Guard. The case figured prominently in debate in the United States Congress over whether El Salvador should continue to receive military aid. Several Salvadoran military officials, including then-head of the National Guard General Carlos Eugenio Vides Casanova and then-Minister of Defense General José Guillermo García, were later found to have “assisted or otherwise participated in” attempts to cover up the killings.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Human rights violations; Trials; Religion; United States foreign policy; Military aid; Carlos Eugenio Vides Casanova; José Guillermo García
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0179_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96646
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Content Warning

Pages

Pages