Search results
Content Warning
This repository may contain outdated, harmful, or triggering terms and/or contentPages
- Title
- Civilians Flee Fighting In Tenancingo
- Date
- 1983-09-27
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Local residents move their belongings before an assault by the Atlacatl Battalion as soldiers advance during a military operation in pursuit of FMLN guerrillas in Tenancingo, El Salvador, September 27, 1983. Residents would eventually return to their homes and farms. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Daily life; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0264_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96392
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Civilians Flee Fighting In Tenancingo
- Date
- 1983-09-27
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Local residents move their belongings before an assault by the Atlacatl Battalion in pursuit of guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, FMLN, in Tenancingo, El Salvador, September 27, 1983. Residents would eventually return to their homes and farms. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Daily life; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0267_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96395
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Civilians Flee Fighting In Tenancingo
- Date
- 1983-09-27
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Local residents move their belongings before an assault by the Atlacatl Battalion as soldiers advance in pursuit of guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tenancingo, El Salvador, September 27, 1983. Residents would eventually return to their homes and farms. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the FMLN guerrilla coalition. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Insurgency; Daily life; Atlacatl Battalion; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0049_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96177
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Civilians Flee Fighting In Tenancingo
- Date
- 1983-09-27
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Local residents move their belongings before an assault by the Atlacatl Battalion in pursuit of guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, FMLN, in Tenancingo, El Salvador, September 27, 1983. Residents would eventually return to their homes and farms. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Daily life
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0273_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96466
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Civilians Flee Fighting In Tenancingo
- Date
- 1983-09-27
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Local residents move their belongings before an assault by the Atlacatl Battalion as soldiers advance in pursuit of guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tenancingo, El Salvador, September 27, 1983. Residents would eventually return to their homes and farms. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the FMLN guerrilla coalition. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Insurgency; Daily life; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0163_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96630
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Civilians In Ciudad Barrios, San Miguel Department
- Date
- 1984-10-23
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A young boy sits in a home in Ciudad Barrios, San Miguel department, El Salvador, October 23, 1984. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The possibility of a negotiated settlement between the groups was visible as early as 1981, but the United States consistently discouraged the army from negotiating with the guerrillas. Only after a decade of inconclusive combat was Washington willing to acknowledge that military victory was unattainable, and the diplomatic solutions settled in the 1992 peace accords were not fundamentally different from the ones the army had resisted for years.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Cold War; Communism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0030_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96158
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Col. Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez In Department Of Cabañas
- Date
- 1982-10-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Colonel Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez, commander of the counterinsurgency unit Destacamiento Militar 2, points to a map describing FMLN guerrilla movement and infiltration routes at the military headquarters in Sensuntepeque, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. In 2015, the release of CIA documents related to the armed conflict proved Ochoa's command responsibility in the November 1981 massacre of the civilian population of Santa Cruz in the department of Cabañas. In December of 2019 he was placed under investigation in Salvadoran court for corruption charges related to his role as ambassador to Honduras from 2005-2009.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; United States foreign policy; Human rights violations; Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0152_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96280
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Col. Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez In Department Of Cabañas
- Date
- 1982-10-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Colonel Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez, commander of the counterinsurgency unit Destacamiento Militar 2, stands in a hallway at the military headquarters in Sensuntepeque, Cabañas department, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. In 2015, the release of CIA documents related to the armed conflict proved Ochoa’s command responsibility in the November 1981 massacre of the civilian population of Santa Cruz in the department of Cabañas. In December of 2019 he was placed under investigation in Salvadoran court for corruption charges related to his role as ambassador to Honduras from 2005-2009.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; United States foreign policy; Human rights violations; Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0043_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96510
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Colombian Drug Smuggling Flight Routes
- Date
- 2000-08-19
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Colombian Defense Minister Luis Fernando Ramirez points out routes of drug flights from Colombia to the United States on his computer in his office in Bogota, Colombia, August 19, 2000. The drug flights usually fly a route over Venezuela and Haiti on the way to the U.S.
- Subject
- Colombia; Colombian Conflict; War on Drugs; Plan Colombia; Coca; Cultivation; Production; United States Involvement; United States Foreign Policy; Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); Military; Agriculture; Export; Labor; Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC); Marxism-Leninism; Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN); Drug Trafficking; Insurgency; Counter-narcotics; Government; Andrés Pastrana; Daily Life; Human Rights Violations
- Country
- Colombia
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Luis Fernando Ramirez
- Local Identifier
- colombia_ct_0014_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Colonel Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez Speaks In Sesuntepeque, Cabañas
- Date
- 1984-09-30
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Colonel Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez, former commander of the counterinsurgency unit Destacamiento Militar 2 and current head of the Fourth Brigade, speaks at a public gathering in Sensuntepeque, El Salvador, September 30, 1984. In 2015, the release of CIA documents related to the armed conflict proved Ochoa's command responsibility in the November 1981 massacre of the civilian population of Santa Cruz in the department of Cabañas. In December of 2019 he was placed under investigation in Salvadoran court for corruption charges related to his role as ambassador to Honduras from 2005-2009.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; United States foreign policy; Human rights violations; Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0120_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96248
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- D'Aubuisson Campaigns In Santa Tecla
- Date
- 1984-03-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Roberto D'Aubuisson, center, founder of right-wing conservative party Alianza Republicana Nacionalista, National Republican Alliance, ARENA, campaigns during a presidential rally in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, March 1, 1984. ARENA was established in 1981 and was primarily supported by right-wing extremists and members of the country's economic elite. D'Aubuisson's connection with the death squads made him a controversial figure in United States-Salvadoran relations during the war. He did, however, receive support from influential U.S. Republicans looking to safeguard economic interests, proving no coincidence in the name Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (National Republican Alliance).
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Government; Politics; Elections; Political campaigns; Human rights violations; Death squads; Oligarchy; Right-wing extremists; Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA); Roberto D'Aubuisson
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Roberto D'Aubuisson
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0042_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96170
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- D'Aubuisson Campaigns In Santa Tecla
- Date
- 1984-03-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Roberto D'Aubuisson, center, founder of right-wing conservative party Alianza Republicana Nacionalista, National Republican Alliance, ARENA, addresses a crowd during a presidential campaign rally in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, March 1, 1984. D'Aubuisson had previously served as Deputy Director of the Agencia Nacional de Seguridad Salvadoreña, National Security Agency of El Salvador, ANSESAL, known as the intelligence sector of the death squads, and was named responsible as giving the orders for the assassination of Archbishop Óscar Romero on March 24, 1980. D'Aubuisson died of throat cancer at the age of 48 in February of 1992, one month after the signing of the Chapultepec Peace Accords.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Government; Politics; Elections; Political campaigns; Human rights violations; Death squads; Oligarchy; Right-wing extremists; Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA); Agencia Nacional de Seguridad Salvadoreña (ANSESAL); Roberto D'Aubuisson
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Roberto D'Aubuisson
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0043_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96171
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- A Dead Guatemalan Army Soldier Is Unloaded In Santa Cruz del Quiché Army Base
- Date
- 1982-01-20
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Guatemalan Armed Forces soldiers unload a dead combatant from a helicopter at an army base in the central highlands after a battle with guerrillas from the Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, in Santa Cruz del Quiché, Guatemala, January 20, 1982. Over 100 EGP guerrillas attacked the military's highland base in San Juan Cotzal leaving 12 soldiers dead in the official count. According to local civilians and unofficial reports, 34 army soldiers were killed. In retaliation, the Guatemalan army killed 67 civilians in San Juan Cotzal in the following week.
- Subject
- Guatemala; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Human rights violations; Ejército Guerillero de los Pobres (EGP)
- Country
- Guatemala
- Local Identifier
- guatemala_ct_0013_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96862
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- A Dead Guatemalan Army Soldier Is Unloaded In Santa Cruz del Quiché Army Base
- Date
- 1982-01-20
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Guatemalan Armed Forces soldiers transfer a dead soldier from a helicopter to a stretcher at an army base in the central highlands after a battle with guerrillas from the Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, in Santa Cruz del Quiché, Guatemala, January 20, 1982. Over 100 EGP guerrillas attacked the military's highland base in San Juan Cotzal leaving 12 soldiers dead in the official count. According to local civilians and unofficial reports, 34 army soldiers were killed. In retaliation, the Guatemalan army killed 67 civilians in San Juan Cotzal in the following week.
- Subject
- Guatemala; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Human rights violations; Ejército Guerillero de los Pobres (EGP)
- Country
- Guatemala
- Local Identifier
- guatemala_ct_0016_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96865
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- A Dead Guatemalan Army Soldier Is Unloaded In Santa Cruz del Quiché Army Base
- Date
- 1982-01-20
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Guatemalan Armed Forces soldiers transfer a dead soldier from a helicopter to a stretcher at an army base in the central highlands after a battle with guerrillas from the Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres, Guerrilla Army of the Poor, EGP, in Santa Cruz del Quiché, Guatemala, January 20, 1982. Over 100 EGP guerrillas attacked the military's highland base in San Juan Cotzal leaving 12 soldiers dead in the official count. According to local civilians and unofficial reports, 34 army soldiers were killed. In retaliation, the Guatemalan army killed 67 civilians in San Juan Cotzal in the following week.
- Subject
- Guatemala; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Communism; Human rights violations; Ejército Guerillero de los Pobres (EGP)
- Country
- Guatemala
- Local Identifier
- guatemala_ct_0018_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96867
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Death Of Salvadoran Army Soldiers In Morazán
- Date
- 1983-10-24
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran woman stands outside a military hospital hoping to see her husband, Juan Pablo Rivas, who was reportedly killed along with 13 other army soldiers in a helicopter explosion over the Morazán department, El Salvador, October 24, 1983. Among those killed were Lieutenant Colonel Domingo Monterrosa and other field commanders of high rank. FMLN guerrillas led by Joaquín Villalobos, who had previously denounced Monterrosa and his command authority over the Atlacatl Battalion for carrying out the December 1981 civilian massacre in El Mozote, claimed responsibility for the helicopter crash.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations; Military aid; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Atlacatl Battalion; Domingo Monterrosa; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Joaquín Villalobos
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0113_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96241
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Death Squad Victims At La Libertad Morgue
- Date
- 1984-08-10
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Unidentified men look at two corpses in the city morgue in La Libertad, El Salvador, August 10, 1984. Both victims were shot in the face and showed additional signs of bruising. The twelve-year armed conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Civilian casualties; Human rights violations; Daily life
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0044_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96172
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Death Squad Victims At La Libertad Morgue
- Date
- 1984-08-10
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Unidentified men look at two corpses in the city morgue in La Libertad, El Salvador, August 10, 1984. Both victims were shot in the face and showed additional signs of bruising. The twelve-year armed conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Civilian casualties; Human rights violations; Daily life
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0045_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96173
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Death Squad Victims At La Libertad Morgue
- Date
- 1984-08-10
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Unidentified men look at one of two corpses in the city morgue, La Libertad, El Salvador, August 10, 1984. Both victims were shot in the face and showed additional signs of bruising. The twelve-year armed conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Death squads
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0191_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96658
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Death Squad Victims At La Libertad Morgue
- Date
- 1984-08-10
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Unidentified men look at one of two corpses in the city morgue, La Libertad, El Salvador, August 10, 1984. Both victims were shot in the face and showed additional signs of bruising. The twelve-year armed conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Death squads
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0189_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96656
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image