Search results

Title: The Road Inside FARC Territory
Date: 2000-08-25
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Revolutionary slogans supporting the FARC rebels line a road in the Cagyuan River Valley 30km from FARC headquarters and seat of government in Los Pozos, Colombia, August 25, 2000.
Subject: Colombia; Colombian Conflict; War on Drugs; Plan Colombia; Coca; Cultivation; Production; United States Involvement; United States Foreign Policy; Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); Military; Agriculture; Export; Labor; Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC); Marxism-Leninism; Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN); Drug Trafficking; Insurgency; Counter-narcotics; Government; Andrés Pastrana; Daily Life; Human Rights Violations
Country: Colombia
Local Identifier: colombia_ct_0021_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Officer Captain Medina Garay Questioned By Media
Date: 1982-11-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Alberto Barrera from the Associated Press, third left with tape recorder, and members of the Salvadoran media question an army officer, Captain Carlos Napoleón Medina Garay, center right, in Santa Clara, El Salvador, November 1982. It had been reported that Medina Garay was responsible for ordering the army massacre of 50 local civilians in El Junquillo, Cacaopera in the Morazán department during a military attack on March 12, 1981.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Daily life; Atlacatl Battalion
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Alberto Barrera; Dionisio Hernández; Carlos Napoleón Medina Garay
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0279_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Officer Captain Medina Garay Questioned By Media
Date: 1982-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Alberto Barrera from Reuters, third left with microphone, and members of the Salvadoran media question an army officer, Captain Carlos Napoleón Medina Garay, center right, in Santa Clara, El Salvador, July 1, 1982. The United Nations Truth Commission for El Salvador named Medina Garay responsible for ordering the army massacre of 50 local civilians in El Junquillo, Cacaopera in the Morazán department during a military attack on March 12, 1981. Medina Garay was living in the United States until he was deported to San Salvador in 2012 following renewed attention in the UN allegations against him. Several members of the military elite from the years of the civil war, including former ex-Ministers of Defense Carlos Eugenio Vides Casanova and José Guillermo García, have been deported from the United States since 2012 for grave human rights violations previously denounced by the 1993 UN report.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; United States foreign policy; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; School of the Americas; Carlos Napoleón Medina Garay
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Alberto Barrera; Dionisio Hernández; Carlos Napoleón Medina Garay
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0311_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96439
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Officers Attend A Military Ceremony In Santa Tecla
Date: 1983-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran military commanders and the head of the Treasury Police Colonel Nicolás Carranza, 3rd left, sit during a military ceremony at the Escuela Militar Capitán General Gerardo Barrios in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, May 1, 1983. Carranza worked with Roberto D'Aubuisson and José Guillermo García to establish the paramilitary network of death squads around the country in the late 1970s. As Vice Minister of Defense from 1979 to 1981 and head of the notorious Treasury Police in 1983, he exercised command over the forces responsible for widespread attacks on civilians. A paid CIA informant who received $90,000 annually to procure intelligence on the Salvadoran left, he resided in the United States from 1985 until his death in 2017. In 2015, Carranza was found guilty in United States Federal District Court for crimes against humanity, extrajudicial assassination, and torture.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; United States foreign policy; Military aid; Human rights violations; Death squads; Trials; Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); Roberto D'Aubuisson; José Guillermo García; Nicolás Carranza
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Nicolás Carranza
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0007_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96135
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Training In San Miguel
Date: 1982-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Salvadoran army officer trained at the School of the Americas, SOA, in Fort Benning, Georgia, USA, right, instructs new recruits at an army base in San Miguel, El Salvador, July 1, 1982. SOA was founded in 1946 by the United States Department of Defense as a training school for Latin American military and police forces. At the advent of the Cold War, the school was assigned an aggressive anti-communist counterinsurgency strategy and many graduates returned to their countries to lead and participate in repressive regimes plagued with human rights abuses.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Cold War; School of the Americas
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0140_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96268
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Training In San Miguel
Date: 1982-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Salvadoran army officer trained at the School of the Americas, SOA, in Fort Benning, Georgia, USA, right, instructs new recruits at an army base in San Miguel, El Salvador, July 1, 1982. After SOA was removed from its base in Panama in 1984, the school opened at Fort Benning, Georgia in the United States. In 2000, SOA was briefly shut down amidst international concerns of human rights violations, only to be reopened in 2001 as the Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation (WHINSEC). WHINSEC currently resides in the same location at Fort Benning, retaining many of the same advisors, instructors, and curriculum from SOA and is less transparent than its predecessor.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Cold War; School of the Americas
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0141_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96269
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Training In San Miguel
Date: 1982-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran army recruits practice teamwork drills led by a Salvadoran officer trained at the School of the Americas, SOA, in Fort Benning, Georgia, USA, at an army base in San Miguel, El Salvador, July 1, 1982. SOA was founded in 1946 by the United States Department of Defense as a training school for Latin American military and police forces. At the advent of the Cold War, the school was assigned an aggressive anti-communist counterinsurgency agenda and many graduates returned to their countries to lead and participate in repressive regimes plagued with human rights abuses.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Military training; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Cold War; School of the Americas
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0075_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96203
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Training In San Miguel
Date: 1982-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: New recruits perform physical exercises directed by Salvadoran army officers trained at the School of the Americas, SOA, in Fort Benning, Georgia, USA, at a Salvadoran army base in San Miguel, El Salvador, July 1, 1982. SOA was founded in 1946 by the United States Department of Defense as a training school for Latin American military and police forces. At the advent of the Cold War, the school was assigned an aggressive anti-communist counterinsurgency agenda and many graduates returned to their countries to lead and participate in repressive regimes plagued with human rights abuses.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Military training; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; School of the Americas
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0036_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96503
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Training In San Miguel
Date: 1982-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Salvadoran army officer trained by United States Army instructors, center, instructs new recruits at an army base, San Miguel, El Salvador, July 1, 1982. As early as 1950, the United States provided extensive support in the establishment of a counterintelligence apparatus for the Salvadoran military and police forces, in addition to direct military funding and assistance. Over the course of the civil war from 1980-1992, the United States sent more than $6 billion to the Salvadoran government in economic and military aid.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Military training; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; School of the Americas
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0026_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96493
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Training In San Miguel
Date: 1982-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Salvadoran army officer instructs new recruits at an army base in San Miguel, El Salvador July 1, 1982. Lack of opportunity for social and economic ascension led many young Salvadorans towards military inscription.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Military training; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; School of the Americas
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0027_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96494
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Training In San Miguel
Date: 1982-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Salvadoran army officer trained at the School of the Americas, SOA, in Fort Benning, Georgia, USA, center, instructs new recruits at an army base, San Miguel, El Salvador, July 1, 1982. Many of the human rights violations that have occurred in El Salvador have stemmed from military personnel that came from the Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation, WHINSEC, formerly known as the School of the Americas. The military personnel who killed Archbishop Óscar Romero, the six Jesuit priests and their housekeeper and her daughter, Father Rutilio Grande, and the four U.S. Catholic nuns in El Salvador, amongst others, were all trained at the School of the Americas.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Military training; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; School of the Americas
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0033_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96500
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army Training In San Miguel
Date: 1982-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: New recruits perform physical exercises directed by Salvadoran army officers trained at the School of the Americas, SOA, in Fort Benning, Georgia, USA, at a Salvadoran army base in San Miguel, El Salvador, July 1, 1982. SOA was founded in 1946 by the United States Department of Defense as a training school for Latin American military and police forces. At the advent of the Cold War, the school was assigned an aggressive anti-communist counterinsurgency agenda and many graduates returned to their countries to lead and participate in repressive regimes plagued with human rights abuses.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Military training; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; School of the Americas
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0035_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96502
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Army's Atlacatl Battalion In San Miguel Department
Date: 1983-08-23
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran soldiers from the Atlacatl Battalion wake in the early morning in fog-enveloped hills before moving into position against armed guerrillas from the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo, ERP, in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 23, 1983. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first Salvadoran rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Military aid; United States foreign policy; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations; Cold War; Atlacatl Battalion; Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0127_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96594
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Civil Defensemen Killed By FMLN In Verapaz
Date: 1983-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A member of the international media, Raul Beltran, upper left, interviews a Salvadoran army officer, second left, as people observe the dead bodies of civil defensemen in Verapaz, El Salvador, January 1, 1983. The civil defensemen were killed in an overnight attack by leftist FMLN guerrillas. Civil defense units in El Salvador were under military command and operated particularly in rural areas where guerrilla support was high.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Civilian casualties; Human rights violations; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Journalism; Foreign correspondents
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Raul Beltran
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0197_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96325
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Election Poster In Mejicanos Neighborhood
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Pedestrians walk past a presidential election poster for the right-wing political party Alianza Republicana Nacionalista, National Republican Alliance, ARENA, on their way home from work in the Mejicanos neighborhood of San Salvador, El Salvador, May 1, 1984. ARENA was founded in 1981 from a convergence of the landowning oligarchy and the extreme anti-communist right. The party received formative support from Guatemala's fascist ultra-right political party Movimiento de Liberación Nacional, National Liberation Movement, MLN, and from several influential members of the Republican party of the United States. Roberto D'Aubuisson, founding member of ARENA and the presidential candidate for the party in the 1984 elections, was known to have close ties to the death squads and had a reputation for extreme violence.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Daily life; Government; Politics; Elections; Political campaigns; Oligarchy; Cold War; United States foreign policy; Death squads; Human rights violations; Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA); Movimiento de Liberación Nacional (MLN); Roberto D'Aubuisson
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0293_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96421
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Ex-General Carlos Eugenio Vides Casanova Loses Appeal And Is Deported Back to El Salvador
Date: 2000-10-19
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran General Carlos Eugenio Vides Casanova walks to the Federal Courthouse in West Palm Beach, Florida, USA, October 19, 2000. Vides Casanova was head of the Salvadoran National Guard between 1979 and 1983. After a 15-year legal battle, he was found guilty in the United States by his command responsibility over Salvadoran security forces for acts of torture and extrajudicial killings, including the brutal slaying of four U.S. nuns in 1980. On April 8, 2015, U.S. immigration officials deported Vides Casanova to El Salvador from the United States, where he had resided as a legal permanent resident since 1989.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; United States foreign policy; Military; Deportation; Trials; Impunity; Human rights violations; Justice; Carlos Eugenio Vides Casanova
Country: United States
Subject -- Personal Name: Carlos Eugenio Vides Casanova
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0252_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96719
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Journalist In San Salvador
Date: 1984-10-27
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran journalist Oscar Ramírez López looks to take a photograph of a local dignitary following the return of the body of Lieutenant Colonel Domingo Monterrosa, San Salvador, El Salvador, October 27, 1984. Monterrosa was killed in a helicopter explosion in the Morazán department on October 23, 1984 along with Major Armando Azmitia and other field commanders of high rank. FMLN guerrillas led by Joaquín Villalobos, who had previously denounced Monterrosa and his command authority over the Atlacatl Battalion for carrying out the December 1981 civilian massacre in El Mozote, claimed responsibility for the helicopter crash.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations; Civilian casualties; Military aid; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; School of the Americas; Atlacatl Battalion; Domingo Monterrosa; Armando Azmitia; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Joaquín Villalobos
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Oscar Ramírez López
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0033_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96161
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Minister of Defense General García And U.S. Congressional Delegation
Date: 1983-03-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran Minister of Defense General José Guillermo García, second left, along with members of a U.S. congressional delegation, speaks at a press conference in San Salvador, El Salvador, March 1, 1983. Pictured from left are U.S. representative Bill Richardson, General García, and U.S. representatives Jim Oberstar (1934-2014) and James Jeffords (1934-2014). The conference was called to address the Salvadoran Air Force's admission that it used napalm purchased from Israel against insurgents and civilians in the country's ongoing civil war.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Arms trade; United States foreign policy; Cold War; José Guillermo García
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Bill Richardson; José Guillermo García; Jim Oberstar; James Jeffords
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0192_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96320
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Minister of Defense General García And U.S. Congressional Delegation
Date: 1983-03-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: United States Representative Bill Richardson, left, speaks at a press conference while Salvadoran Minister of Defense General José Guillermo García, right, listens along with members of a U.S. congressional delegation, San Salvador, El Salvador, March 1, 1983. The conference was called to address the Salvadoran Air Force's admission that it used napalm purchased from Israel against insurgents and civilians in the country's ongoing civil war.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Arms trade; United States foreign policy; Cold War; José Guillermo García
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Bill Richardson; José Guillermo García; Jim Oberstar; James Jeffords
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0193_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96321
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Salvadoran Minister of Defense General García And U.S. Congressional Delegation
Date: 1983-03-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran Minister of Defense General José Guillermo García, second left, along with members of a U.S. congressional delegation, speaks at a press conference in San Salvador, El Salvador, March 1, 1983. Pictured from left are U.S. representative Bill Richardson, General García, and U.S. representatives Jim Oberstar (1934-2014) and James Jeffords (1934-2014) with John McAward from the Unitarian Universalist Service Committee. The conference was called to address the Salvadoran Air Force's admission that it used napalm purchased from Israel against insurgents and civilians in the country's ongoing civil war.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Arms trade; United States foreign policy; Cold War; José Guillermo García
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Bill Richardson; José Guillermo García; Jim Oberstar; James Jeffords; John McAward; Julia Preston
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0191_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96319
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

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