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Title: Catholic Church In Santa Cruz del Quiché
Date: 1982-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Wooden religious statues stand near the front altar of a Catholic church in Santa Cruz del Quiché, Guatemala, January 1, 1982. Guatemala was introduced to Catholicism during the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 16th century.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Protestantism; Evangelical movement
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0069_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96794
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Ceremony At National Palace In Guatemala City
Date: 1982-10-20
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A military-style band marches near the National Palace during a ceremony with General Efraín Ríos Montt in Guatemala City, Guatemala, October 20, 1982. Ríos Montt assumed control through a military coup d'état on March 23, 1982. His 17-month term as de facto head of state, in which he installed a military regime, dissolved the congress, and suspended the constitution, is considered the most violent period of the conflict. Ríos Montt enjoyed close ties with the Reagan administration and with Christian conservatives in the United States. He has since been indicted and tried for genocide and crimes against humanity against the country's Maya Ixil population with the legal proceedings extending until his death on April 1, 2018.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Human rights violations; Government; United States foreign policy; Cold War; Dictatorship; Efraín Ríos Montt
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0101_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96826
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Ceremony At National Palace In Guatemala City
Date: 1982-10-20
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A military-style band marches near the National Palace during a ceremony with General Efraín Ríos Montt in Guatemala City, Guatemala, October 20, 1982. Ríos Montt assumed control through a military coup d'état on March 23, 1982. His 17-month term as de facto head of state, in which he installed a military regime, dissolved the congress, and suspended the constitution, is considered the most violent period of the conflict. Ríos Montt enjoyed close ties with the Reagan administration and with Christian conservatives in the United States. He has since been indicted and tried for genocide and crimes against humanity against the country's Maya Ixil population with the legal proceedings extending until his death on April 1, 2018.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Human rights violations; Government; United States foreign policy; Cold War; Dictatorship; Efraín Ríos Montt
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0102_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96827
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Ceremony At National Palace In Guatemala City
Date: 1982-10-20
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Civilians watch as General Efraín Ríos Montt arrives for a ceremony at the National Palace in Guatemala City, Guatemala, October 20, 1982. His 17-month term as de facto head of state, in which he installed a military regime, dissolved the congress, and suspended the constitution, is considered the most violent period of the conflict. Ríos Montt enjoyed close ties with the Reagan administration and with Christian conservatives in the United States. He has since been indicted and tried for genocide and crimes against humanity against the country's Maya Ixil population with the legal proceedings extending until his death on April 1, 2018.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Human rights violations; Government; United States foreign policy; Cold War; Dictatorship; Efraín Ríos Montt
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0104_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96829
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Ceremony At National Palace In Guatemala City
Date: 1982-10-20
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Civilians watch as General Efraín Ríos Montt arrives for a ceremony at the National Palace in Guatemala City, Guatemala, October 20, 1982. His 17-month term as de facto head of state, in which he installed a military regime, dissolved the congress, and suspended the constitution, is considered the most violent period of the conflict. Ríos Montt enjoyed close ties with the Reagan administration and with Christian conservatives in the United States. He has since been indicted and tried for genocide and crimes against humanity against the country's Maya Ixil population with the legal proceedings extending until his death on April 1, 2018.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Human rights violations; Government; United States foreign policy; Cold War; Dictatorship; Efraín Ríos Montt
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0105_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96830
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Civilians Celebrate Coup Announcement In Guatemala City
Date: 1982-03-24
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Crowds gather in support of the new military junta led by General Efraín Ríos Montt after a successful coup d'état the day earlier in downtown Guatemala City, Guatemala, March 24, 1982. In the first days of the coup, Ríos Montt and his military junta received support from many sectors of society who welcomed the shift in power after living through the brutal repression of the previous Lucas García regime. However, after this brief period the repression escalated in both urban and rural areas, with an increase in state-sanctioned massacres of civilians. Ríos Montt has since been indicted and tried for genocide and crimes against humanity against the country's Maya Ixil population with the legal proceedings extending until his death on April 1, 2018.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Human rights violations; Government; United States foreign policy; Coup d'état; Cold War; Dictatorship; Efraín Ríos Montt
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0060_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96909
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Civilians Celebrate Coup Announcement In Guatemala City
Date: 1982-03-23
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A group of civilians celebrate as they pose with newspapers announcing a coup d'état led by General Efraín Ríos Montt in downtown Guatemala City, Guatemala, March 23, 1982. In the first days of the coup, Ríos Montt and his military junta received support from many sectors of society who welcomed the shift in power after living through the brutal repression of the previous Lucas García regime. However, after this brief period the repression escalated in both urban and rural areas, with an increase in state-sanctioned massacres of civilians. Ríos Montt has since been indicted and tried for genocide and crimes against humanity against the country's Maya Ixil population with the legal proceedings extending until his death on April 1, 2018.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Human rights violations; Government; Military; United States foreign policy; Coup d'état; Cold War; Dictatorship; Efraín Ríos Montt
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0052_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96901
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Civilians Celebrate Coup Announcement In Guatemala City
Date: 1982-03-23
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A group of civilians celebrate as they pose with newspapers announcing a coup d'état led by General Efraín Ríos Montt in downtown Guatemala City, Guatemala, March 23, 1982. In the first days of the coup, Ríos Montt and his military junta received support from many sectors of society who welcomed the shift in power after living through the brutal repression of the previous Lucas García regime. However, after this brief period the repression escalated in both urban and rural areas, with an increase in state-sanctioned massacres of civilians. Ríos Montt has since been indicted and tried for genocide and crimes against humanity against the country's Maya Ixil population with the legal proceedings extending until his death on April 1, 2018.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Human rights violations; Government; United States foreign policy; Coup d'état; Cold War; Dictatorship; Efraín Ríos Montt
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0053_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96902
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Daily Life During Guatemala’s Civil War
Date: 1982-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A woman wearing an indigenous traje walks past a pharmacy with freshly cleaned laundry near the capital in south-central Guatemala, July 1, 1982. The Cold War hemispheric battles of dominance between the United States and the Soviet Union led the CIA in 1954 to orchestrate a coup d’état to overthrow democratically elected Guatemalan President Jacobo Árbenz, sending the country into turmoil and civil war. Between the years 1960 and 1996 more than 200,000 civilians were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country.
Subject: Central America; Guatemala; Civil War; Genocide; Daily life; Cold War
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0089_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96814
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Defense Minister General Mejía Víctores At Funeral Ceremony For Cardinal Casariego In Guatemala City
Date: 1983-06-15
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Defense Minister Brigadier General Óscar Mejía Víctores (1930-2016), center, walks along the casket of Archbishop of Guatemala Cardinal Mario Casariego y Acevedo, who died of a heart attack in Guatemala City, Guatemala, June 15, 1983. Mejía Víctores deposed General Efraín Ríos Montt in a coup d'état on August 8, 1983. In 2011, Mejía was prosecuted in Guatemalan court for his command responsibility in genocide and crimes against humanity committed by the military during the civil war. His failing health in the years prior to his death forced prosecutors to drop the charges before he could stand trial.
Subject: Central America; Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Military; Government; Human rights violations; Funerals; Mario Casariego y Acevedo; Óscar Mejía Víctores
Country: Guatemala
Subject -- Personal Name: Óscar Mejía Víctores
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0103_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96952
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Defense Minister General Mejía Víctores At Funeral Ceremony For Cardinal Casariego In Guatemala City
Date: 1983-06-15
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan Defense Minister Brigadier General Óscar Mejía Víctores (1930-2016), center, walks along the casket of Archbishop of Guatemala Cardinal Mario Casariego y Acevedo, who died of a heart attack in Guatemala City, Guatemala, June 15, 1983. Mejía Víctores deposed General Efraín Ríos Montt in a coup d'état on August 8, 1983. In 2011, Mejía was prosecuted in Guatemalan court for his command responsibility in genocide and crimes against humanity committed by the military during the civil war. His failing health in the years prior to his death forced prosecutors to drop the charges before he could stand trial.
Subject: Central America; Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Military; Government; Human rights violations; Funerals; Mario Casariego y Acevedo; Óscar Mejía Víctores
Country: Guatemala
Subject -- Personal Name: Óscar Mejía Víctores
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0104_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96953
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Downtown Guatemala City
Date: 1982-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Civilians congregate along a street in downtown Guatemala City, Guatemala, January 1, 1982. In 1954, U.S. economic interests and the United Fruit Company's influence in Guatemala were threatened by nationalist reforms proposed by President Jacobo Árbenz. Invoking Cold War fears of the spread of communism in the Western Hemisphere, the CIA orchestrated a coup d'état to install a succession of military regimes. Before and during the 36-year civil war that began in 1960, the United States government financed and trained Guatemalan military and security forces responsible for state-sanctioned violence against political opponents, guerrilla insurgents, and civilians.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Daily life
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0011_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96860
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Downtown Guatemala City
Date: 1982-10-15
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Women walk along a street in downtown Guatemala City, Guatemala, October 15, 1982. In 1954, U.S. economic interests and the United Fruit Company's influence in Guatemala were threatened by nationalist reforms proposed by President Jacobo Árbenz. Invoking Cold War fears of the spread of communism in the Western Hemisphere, the CIA orchestrated a coup d'état to install a succession of military regimes. Before and during the 36-year civil war that began in 1960, the United States government financed and trained Guatemalan military and security forces responsible for state-sanctioned violence against political opponents, guerrilla insurgents, and civilians.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Daily life
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0019_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96742
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Evangelical Protestant Service In Guatemala City
Date: 1983-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: An evangelical pastor, left, conducts a service to worshippers in Guatemala City, Guatemala, January 1, 1983. Evangelical Protestantism reached new heights of popularity in Guatemala under General Efraín Ríos Montt, the conservative anti-communist military general who took power in a coup d'état in March of 1982. It is estimated that Protestants accounted for approximately one third of Guatemala's total population at that time.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Religion; Protestantism; Evangelical movement; Efraín Ríos Montt
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0001_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96851
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Evangelical Protestant Service In Guatemala City
Date: 1983-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Evangelical Protestants pray during a service in Guatemala City, Guatemala, January 1, 1983. Evangelical Protestantism reached new heights of popularity in Guatemala under General Efraín Ríos Montt, the conservative anti-communist military general who took power in a coup d'état in March of 1982. It is estimated that Protestants accounted for approximately one third of Guatemala's total population at that time.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Religion; Protestantism; Evangelical movement; Efraín Ríos Montt
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0002_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96852
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Evangelical Protestant Service In Guatemala City
Date: 1983-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Evangelical Protestants pray during a service in Guatemala City, Guatemala, January 1, 1983. Evangelical Protestantism reached new heights of popularity in Guatemala under General Efraín Ríos Montt, the conservative anti-communist military general who took power in a coup d'état in March of 1982. It is estimated that Protestants accounted for approximately one third of Guatemala's total population at that time.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Religion; Protestantism; Evangelical movement; Efraín Ríos Montt
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0003_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96853
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Evangelicals In Quiché
Date: 1982-02-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A group of ethnic Maya and evangelical Protestants pray during an outdoor religious service near Santa Cruz del Quiché, Guatemala, February 1, 1982. Guatemala was introduced to Catholicism during the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 16th century, and the Roman Catholic Church has continued to dominate the country's religious society. However by the mid-1980s, Protestantism and particularly the evangelical movement was gaining popularity and it is estimated that Protestants accounted for approximately one third of Guatemala's total population at that time.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Religion; Protestantism; Evangelical movement; Spanish colonization of the Americas
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0067_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96792
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Evangelicals In Quiché
Date: 1982-02-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A group of ethnic Maya and evangelical Protestants pray during an outdoor religious service near Santa Cruz del Quiché, Guatemala, February 1, 1982. Guatemala was introduced to Catholicism during the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 16th century, and the Roman Catholic Church has continued to dominate the country's religious society. However by the mid-1980s, Protestantism and particularly the evangelical movement was gaining popularity and it is estimated that Protestants accounted for approximately one third of Guatemala's total population at that time.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Religion; Protestantism; Evangelical movement; Spanish colonization of the Americas
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0031_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96880
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Evangelicals In Quiché
Date: 1982-02-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A group of ethnic Maya and evangelical Protestants pray during an outdoor religious service near Santa Cruz del Quiché, Guatemala, February 1, 1982. Guatemala was introduced to Catholicism during the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 16th century, and the Roman Catholic Church has continued to dominate the country's religious society. However by the mid-1980s, Protestantism and particularly the evangelical movement was gaining popularity and it is estimated that Protestants accounted for approximately one third of Guatemala's total population at that time.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Genocide; Religion; Protestantism; Evangelical movement; Spanish colonization of the Americas
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0040_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96889
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Family Picture in Quiché, Guatemala
Date: 1984-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: An extended Maya family stands for a photograph in the rural highlands of Quiché, Guatemala, May 1, 1984. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960 to 1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. 83 percent of the victims were indigenous Maya people.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Indigenous peoples; Maya peoples; Genocide; Human rights violations; State-sponsored violence; Civilian casualties; Daily life
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0021_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96744
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

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