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Title: Army Checkpoint In Guatemala City
Date: 1982-02-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guatemalan army soldiers check bus passengers for weapons in Guatemala City, Guatemala, February 1, 1982. Tighter security measures were being taken due to the upcoming presidential elections scheduled for March 7, 1982. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960-1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was perpetrated by the state.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Elections; Daily life; Counterinsurgency; State-sponsored violence
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0125_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96850
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Army Helicopter Resupply In San Miguel Department
Date: 1983-08-23
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Salvadoran army helicopter lands with a supply of food during a military operation in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 23, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0143_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96610
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Army Helicopter Resupply In San Miguel Department
Date: 1983-08-23
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Salvadoran army helicopter lands with a supply of food during a military operation in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 23, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0126_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96593
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Assassination In Downtown Guatemala City
Date: 1982-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Police and fire department workers attend to a dead paramilitary bank guard who was shot and killed in downtown Guatemala City, Guatemala on January 1, 1982. The guard was shot by an unknown assailant and it was presumed to be an assassination. The revolutionary movement reached its height between 1980 and 1981 just as the indiscriminate violence of the military's counterinsurgency operations was set to escalate. But by early 1982 the urban insurgency in Guatemala City would be almost completely eradicated by government security forces and paramilitary units after taking serious losses to its infrastructure through the state's dismantling of unions and other popular movements.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Cold War
Country: Guatemala
Local Identifier: guatemala_nb_0061_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96786
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Associated Press Photojournalist Luis Alberto Romero
Date: 1983-04-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Associated Press photojournalist Luis Alberto Romero gestures outside a news event in San Salvador, El Salvador, April 1, 1983. Every major paper and wire service had a bureau in El Salvador while international concern maintained the Central American conflicts as hemispheric battles over communist expansion.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Cold War
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Luis Alberto Romero
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0212_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96340
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Atlacatl Battalion In Military Operation In San Miguel Department
Date: 1983-08-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran soldiers from the Atlacatl Battalion wake in the early morning in fog-enveloped hills before moving into position against armed guerrillas from the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo, ERP, in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 1, 1983. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first Salvadoran rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Military aid; United States foreign policy; Counterinsurgency; Cold War; Insurgency; Atlacatl Battalion; Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0079_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96207
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Ballot Boxes With Votes For Haiti's Next President
Date: 2000-11-26
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Election workers carry ballot boxes to a counting station a day after the presidential election in Port-au-Prince, Haiti on November 26, 2000. Former president Jean-Bertrand Aristide was declared the winner November 28, 2000 with 92% of the vote.
Subject: Poverty; Voting; Caribbean
Country: Haiti
Local Identifier: haiti_nc_0013_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Ballot Boxes With Votes For Haiti's Next President
Date: 2000-11-26
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Election workers wheel ballot boxes to a storage area a day after the presidential election in Port-au-Prince, Haiti on November 26, 2000. Former president Jean-Bertrand Aristide was declared the winner November 28, 2000 with 92% of the vote.
Subject: Poverty; Voting; Caribbean
Country: Haiti
Local Identifier: haiti_nc_0018_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Banana Exports From Honduras
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Workers move Cavendish bananas from a fresh water holding tank to a conveyor belt at one of the three main fruit companies in northern Honduras October 1982. In 1982, the average hourly wage for a unionized banana worker was 45-cents per hour and a non-union wage was 35-cents per hour.
Subject: Agriculture; Fruit; Export; Economy; Labor
Country: Honduras
Local Identifier: honduras_nb_0049_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Banana Exports From Honduras
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Workers move Cavendish bananas from a fresh water holding tank to a conveyor belt at one of the three main fruit companies in northern Honduras October 1982. In 1982, the average hourly wage for a unionized banana worker was 45-cents per hour and a non-union wage was 35-cents per hour.
Subject: Agriculture; Fruit; Export; Economy; Labor
Country: Honduras
Local Identifier: honduras_nb_0050_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Banana Exports From Honduras
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Workers move Cavendish bananas from a fresh water holding tank to a conveyor belt at one of the three main fruit companies in northern Honduras October 1982. In 1982, the average hourly wage for a unionized banana worker was 45-cents per hour and a non-union wage was 35-cents per hour.
Subject: Agriculture; Fruit; Export; Economy; Labor
Country: Honduras
Local Identifier: honduras_nb_0051_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Banana Exports From Honduras
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Workers move Cavendish bananas from a fresh water holding tank to a conveyor belt at one of the three main fruit companies in northern Honduras October 1982. In 1982, the average hourly wage for a unionized banana worker was 45-cents per hour and a non-union wage was 35-cents per hour.
Subject: Agriculture; Fruit; Export; Economy; Labor
Country: Honduras
Local Identifier: honduras_nb_0057_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Beheaded Body Dumped By Death Squad Outside San Salvador
Date: 1982-10-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A headless body lies at the bottom of a small hill in the Mejicanos neighborhood in San Salvador, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Daily life; Civilian casualties
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0077_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96205
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Beverage Advertisement In Downtown San Salvador
Date: 1983-04-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A woman walks past a beverage advertisement in downtown San Salvador, El Salvador, April 1, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Daily life
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0200_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96328
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Boat Construction In Port De Paix, Haiti
Date: 2000-09-13
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Haitian crew members wait for cargo in Port de Paix, Haiti on September 13, 2000. The wooden boats on the northeast coast of the island will possibly be used for smuggling immigrants to Puerto Rico or Florida.
Subject: Labor; Shipping; Transportation; Smuggling; Haiti
Country: Haiti
Local Identifier: haiti_ct_0010_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Boat Construction In Port De Paix, Haiti
Date: 2000-09-13
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Haitian workers construct a wooden boat in Port de Paix, Haiti on September 13, 2000. The boats made on the northeast coast of the island will possibly be used for smuggling immigrants to Puerto Rico or Florida.
Subject: Labor; Shipping; Transportation; Smuggling; Haiti
Country: Haiti
Local Identifier: haiti_ct_0009_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Boat Construction In Port De Paix, Haiti
Date: 2000-09-13
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Haitian workers construct a wooden boat in Port de Paix, Haiti on September 13, 2000. The boats made on the northeast coast of the island will possibly be used for smuggling immigrants to Puerto Rico or Florida.
Subject: Labor; Shipping; Transportation; Smuggling; Haiti
Country: Haiti
Local Identifier: haiti_ct_0014_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Bogota Colombia's Stately Capital
Date: 2000-08-22
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A street vendor shows off his wares in Plaza Bolivar, Bogota, Colombia, August 22, 2000.
Subject: Colombia; Colombian Conflict; War on Drugs; Plan Colombia; Coca; Cultivation; Production; United States Involvement; United States Foreign Policy; Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); Military; Agriculture; Export; Labor; Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC); Marxism-Leninism; Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN); Drug Trafficking; Insurgency; Counter-narcotics; Government; Andrés Pastrana; Daily Life; Human Rights Violations
Country: Colombia
Local Identifier: colombia_ct_0015_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Brazil Coffee Exports
Date: 1985-02-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A crane lifts bags of coffee beans onto a freighter in the port of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, February 1985. Brazil is the world's largest exporter of coffee.
Subject: Coffee; Caffeine; Agriculture; Beverage
Country: Brazil
Local Identifier: brazil_nb_0049_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Brazil Coffee Exports
Date: 1985-02-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A crane lifts bags of coffee beans to a freighter in the Port of Santos in Sao Paolo, Brazil, February 1985. Brazil is the world's largest exporter of coffee.
Subject: Coffee; Caffeine; Agriculture; Beverage
Country: Brazil
Local Identifier: brazil_nb_0062_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

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