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Title: 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
Date: 1984-03-26
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran army soldiers gather the body bags of 57 dead soldiers killed by guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. Guerrillas attacked two army positions in Tejutepeque, 20 miles from San Salvador, and reported 16 of their own killed in the ambush. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war that claimed over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0054_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96182
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
Date: 1984-03-26
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran army soldiers gather the body bags of 57 dead soldiers killed by guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. Guerrillas attacked two army positions in Tejutepeque, 20 miles from San Salvador, and reported 16 of their own killed in the ambush. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war that claimed over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0055_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96183
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
Date: 1984-03-26
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Salvadoran army soldiers gather the body bags of 57 dead soldiers killed by guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. Guerrillas attacked two army positions in Tejutepeque, 20 miles from San Salvador, and reported 16 of their own killed in the ambush. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war that claimed over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0056_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96184
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: 57 Army Soliders Killed In Tejutepeque, El Salvador
Date: 1984-03-26
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Photographers record the aftermath of a battle while Salvadoran army soldiers gather body bags of 57 dead soldiers killed by guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tejutepeque, El Salvador, March 26, 1984. Guerrillas attacked two army positions in Tejutepeque, 20 miles from San Salvador, and reported 16 of their own killed in the ambush.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Media; Foreign correspondents
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Roland Neveu; James Nachtwey
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0242_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96709
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Abandoned Cinquera Town In Cabañas Department
Date: 1984-09-08
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A deserted building lies in disrepair in Cinquera, Cabañas department, El Salvador, September 8, 1984. At the time the town was continuously changing hands between Salvadoran government soldiers and guerrillas from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, in a bitter war of attrition that marked the twelve-year conflict.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Counterinsurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0119_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96247
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: ABC Television Crew Films ERP Guerrillas In El Salvador
Date: 1983-05-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A television crew from ABC films a young fighter from the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo, ERP, as guerrillas stop commercial traffic along the Pan American Highway in Usulatán department, El Salvador, May 1, 1983. Guerrilla tactics for disrupting the transportation of commercial goods were employed in protest of economic inequality and to show defiance to the authoritarian state regime.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Economy; Development; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP); Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
Country: United States
Subject -- Personal Name: Timothy Ross
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0102_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96230
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: An Activist Chilean Priest Speaks During Anti-Pinochet Protests
Date: 1985-09-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Catholic priest speaks at a church in the La Victoria neighborhood during anti-Pinochet street demonstrations in Santiago, Chile, September 1985.
Subject: Chile; Government; Augusto Pinochet; Dictatorship; Salvador Allende; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Liberation Theology; Military Ceremony; Military; Social Welfare; Poverty; Daily Life; Human Rights Violations; Desaparecidos; Activism; La Moneda Palace; Cold War; Anti-communism
Country: Chile
Local Identifier: chile_ct_0035_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Agricultural Advisors In Sonsonate, El Salvador
Date: 1983-10-07
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Three agricultural advisers stand in a sugar cane field on the cooperative El Sunza in Sonsonate, El Salvador, October 7, 1983. The Salvadoran political elite viewed labor unions and land reform advocates as subversive enemies of the state and considered its leaders to be as dangerous as the guerrilla insurgency. El Salvador is a country burdened with one of the most rigid class structures in all of Latin America. Resistance to labor unions and land redistribution can be attributed to the economic oligarchy's overwhelming influence in the political and military spheres.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Land reform; Agriculture; Labor; Economy; Oligarchy; Daily life
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0271_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96399
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Alejandro Maldonado Aguirre And Jorge Carpio Nicolle Campaign In Quiché Before 1982 Elections
Date: 1982-02-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Alejandro Maldonado Aguirre, the presidential candidate from the Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca, Guatemalan Christian Democracy, DCG, and representing a coalition of political parties, right, and his running mate Jorge Carpio Nicolle, center, converse with local civilians while campaigning before the 1982 elections in rural Quiché department, Guatemala, February 1, 1982. The Christian Democrats were running in the elections against the civilian candidate Ángel Aníbal Guevara, who was backed by the military and chosen successor to outgoing president Fernándo Romeo Lucas García, along with other opposition groups. When Guevara was declared the winner on March 7, the opposition candidates protested electoral fraud. Two weeks later on March 23, General Efraín Ríos Montt initiated a coup d'état led by a military junta and all cabinet ministers were replaced.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Politics; Elections; Political campaigns; Coup d'état; Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca (DCG); Alejandro Maldonado Aguirre; Jorge Carpio Nicolle
Country: Guatemala
Subject -- Personal Name: Alejandro Maldonado Aguirre; Jorge Carpio Nicolle
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0033_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96882
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Alejandro Maldonado Aguirre and Vinicio Cerezo Campaign In Quiché Before 1982 Elections
Date: 1982-02-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Alejandro Maldonado Aguirre, the presidential candidate from the Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca, Guatemalan Christian Democracy, DCG, and representing a coalition of political parties, center right, and politician Vinicio Cerezo, far right, at a campaign rally before the 1982 elections in rural Quiché department, Guatemala, February 1, 1982. The Christian Democrats were running in the elections against the civilian candidate Ángel Aníbal Guevara, who was backed by the military and chosen successor to outgoing president Fernándo Romeo Lucas García, along with other opposition groups. When Guevara was declared the winner on March 7, the opposition candidates protested electoral fraud. Two weeks later on March 23, General Efraín Ríos Montt initiated a coup d'état led by a military junta and all cabinet ministers were replaced.
Subject: Guatemala; Civil war; Politics; Elections; Political campaigns; Coup d'état; Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca (DCG); Alejandro Maldonado Aguirre; Vinicio Cerezo
Country: Guatemala
Subject -- Personal Name: Alejandro Maldonado Aguirre; Vinicio Cerezo
Local Identifier: guatemala_ct_0034_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96883
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Ambassador Stone At Ilopango Airport
Date: 1983-08-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: International media crowd United States Ambassador at Large to Central America Richard Stone as he prepares to depart at Ilopango Airport, San Salvador, El Salvador, August 1, 1983. Stone was facilitating preliminary peace talks between guerrilla leaders from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front, FMLN, and the Salvadoran government. Negotiations between the groups were ongoing throughout the twelve-year civil war. United States involvement in the Salvadoran armed conflict can be traced to a strategic hegemonic dominance favored by U.S. policy in Latin America, as well as Cold War-era concerns over the spread of communism after the revolutions in Cuba and Nicaragua.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; United States foreign policy; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Cold War; Communism; Politics
Country: El Salvador
Subject -- Personal Name: Richard Stone
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0262_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96455
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Anniversary Of Archbishop Romero's Assasination
Date: 1984-03-24
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A woman holds a picture of Archbishop Óscar Romero on the fourth anniversary of his assassination, San Salvador, El Salvador, March 24, 1984. Romero spoke out against the increasing violence and economic inequality sustained by the Salvadoran state regime and was murdered during mass on March 24, 1980 by a right-wing death squad under the orders of Roberto D’Aubuisson. The martyred Romero was officially canonized as a saint by Pope Francis in 2018.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Liberation theology; Human rights violations; Death squads; Óscar Romero
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_ct_0182_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96649
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Anti Argentine Military Dictatorship Poster In Buenos Aires
Date: 1985-01-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: An Argentine woman points to a poster with faces of the former military dictatorship, Buenos Aires, Argentina, January 1985. The poster says, "Because we are life, there is judgement to death." Over 30,000 people were disappeared by the military dictatorship from 1976 to 1983.
Subject: Justice; Memory; Human Rights; Cold War
Country: Argentina
Local Identifier: argentina_ct_0007_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: An Anti-Foreigner Sign In Brazil
Date: 1985-07-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A Spanish sign saying "fora gringos", which translates to "foreigners get out" in English, stands near a beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, July 1985.
Subject: Population; Anti-Foreigner
Country: Brazil
Local Identifier: brazil_nb_0034_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Anti-Pinochet Demonstrations During Anniversary Of Coup D'État
Date: 1985-09-11
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A woman who had been detained by police cries out in anger during an anti-Pinochet demonstration in Santiago, Chile, September 11, 1985. The protests mark the 12th anniversary of the violent military coup d'état led by General Augusto Pinochet on September 11, 1973.
Subject: Chile; Government; Augusto Pinochet; Dictatorship; Salvador Allende; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Liberation Theology; Military Ceremony; Military; Social Welfare; Poverty; Daily Life; Human Rights Violations; Desaparecidos; Activism; La Moneda Palace; Cold War; Anti-communism
Country: Chile
Local Identifier: chile_ct_0002_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Anti-Pinochet Demonstrations During Anniversary Of Coup D'État
Date: 1985-09-11
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A woman who had been detained by police cries out in anger during an anti-Pinochet demonstration in Santiago, Chile, September 11, 1985. The protests mark the 12th anniversary of the violent military coup d'état led by General Augusto Pinochet on September 11, 1973.
Subject: Chile; Government; Augusto Pinochet; Dictatorship; Salvador Allende; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Liberation Theology; Military Ceremony; Military; Social Welfare; Poverty; Daily Life; Human Rights Violations; Desaparecidos; Activism; La Moneda Palace; Cold War; Anti-communism
Country: Chile
Local Identifier: chile_ct_0003_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Anti-Pinochet Government Demonstrations In Santiago, Chile
Date: 1985-09-05
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Chilean policemen wearing riot gear and carrying tear gas guns prepare to storm a university building during an anti-government demonstration in Santiago, Chile on September 5, 1985. Civilians, university students and members of labor unions demonstrated against the government of President and General Augusto Pinochet who took power in a military coup d'etat on September 11, 1973.
Subject: Riots; Security; Coup d'Etat; Unrest
Country: Chile
Local Identifier: chile_nb_0001_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Anti-Pinochet Government Demonstrations In Santiago, Chile
Date: 1985-09-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Two women, Estela Ortíz (left) and Owana Madera (right), walk in protest holding pictures of their husbands, José Manuel Parada and Manuel Guerrero, who were executed by the Pinochet regime near La Moneda Palace in Santiago, Chile, September 10, 1985. Parada and Guerrero were two of the victims of the Caso Degollados triple homicide which targeted members of the political opposition in March 1985. Estela Ortiz's father, Fernando Ortiz, was also killed by Pinochet's regime, which executed 2,279 civilians and tortured 27,255 according to the Commission of Truth and Reconciliation during the military dictatorship from 1973-1990.
Subject: Security; Coup d'Etat; Unrest; Demonstrations; Disappearances; Human Rights
Country: Chile
Local Identifier: chile_nb_0005_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Anti-Pinochet Graffiti In Santiago, Chile
Date: 1985-09-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Two women walk past graffiti calling for the end of liberation theology and the expulsion of Father Pierre Dubois from Chile in the La Victoria neighborhood of Santiago, Chile, September 1985. Father Dubois was a priest who was part of La Vicaria de la Solidaridad, which was one of the first groups to document the forced disappearances and provide support to those who were persecuted by the repressive military dictatorship led by General Augusto Pinochet who took power in a CIA-backed military coup d'état on September 11, 1973.
Subject: Chile; Government; Augusto Pinochet; Dictatorship; Salvador Allende; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Liberation Theology; Military Ceremony; Military; Social Welfare; Poverty; Daily Life; Human Rights Violations; Desaparecidos; Activism; La Moneda Palace; Cold War; Anti-communism
Country: Chile
Local Identifier: chile_ct_0036_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

Title: Anti-Pinochet Protests In Santiago, Chile
Date: 1985-09-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Police officers monitor a crowd of anti-government protesters in a residential neighborhood in Santiago, Chile, September 1985. Members of political opposition groups are protesting the repressive tactics of the military dictatorship led by General Augusto Pinochet since Pinochet took power in a military coup d'état twelve years earlier on September 11, 1973.
Subject: Chile; Government; Augusto Pinochet; Dictatorship; Salvador Allende; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Liberation Theology; Military Ceremony; Military; Social Welfare; Poverty; Daily Life; Human Rights Violations; Desaparecidos; Activism; La Moneda Palace; Cold War; Anti-communism
Country: Chile
Local Identifier: chile_ct_0007_web.tif
Collection: The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
mods_typeOfResource_mt: still image

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