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- Title
- Aristede And Haitians Vote In Presidential Elections
- Date
- 2000-05-18
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Former Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide greets high school students May 18, 2000, on Flag Day at the Aristide Foundation headquarters in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Aristide's Fanmi Lavalas party has been accused of campaign violence and of intimidating opposition candidates in the lead up to the May 21, 2000 parliamentary elections. Fifteen candidates have been killed in two months of campaigning.
- Subject
- Poverty; Voting; Caribbean
- Country
- Haiti
- Local Identifier
- haiti_nc_0019_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Aristede And Haitians Vote In Presidential Elections
- Date
- 2000-05-18
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Former Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide, center, greets a crowd of supporters after voting in the Tabarre area of Port-au-Prince, Haiti on May 18, 2000. A low turnout was expected with barely twenty percent of the 4 million eligible voters coming out. The election was boycotted by all the opposition parties and marred by numerous pipe bomb explosions.
- Subject
- Poverty; Voting; Caribbean
- Country
- Haiti
- Local Identifier
- haiti_nc_0020_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Armed FPL Officials Take Questions From Western News Organizations In La Palma, El Salvador
- Date
- 1983-02-06
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Journalists from western news organizations listen to leftist guerrilla officials from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, as they respond to questions during a press conference in La Palma, El Salvador, February 6, 1983. FPL, as a member of the coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, acquired arms and strategic support from socialist parties in Vietnam, Nicaragua, Cuba, and the Soviet Union to fund their campaigns. The FMLN and their political counterpart the Frente Democrático Revolucionario, Revolutionary Democratic Front, FDR, were recognized as the established insurgency in El Salvador and played an integral role in the 1992 peace accords.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Communism; Arms trade; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL); Frente Democrático Revolucionario (FDR)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Mike Boetcher; Christopher Dickey; Tim Loughran; Willie Germand
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0013_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96141
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Armed UH-1 Helicopter Lands in Central El Salvador
- Date
- 1984-09-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- An armed UH-1 helicopter lands in an unidentified village in central El Salvador, September 1, 1984. As early as 1950, the United States provided extensive support in the establishment of a counterintelligence apparatus for the Salvadoran military and police forces, in addition to direct military funding and assistance. Over the course of the civil war from 1980-1992, the United States sent more than $6 billion to the Salvadoran government in economic and military aid.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; United States foreign policy; Cold War
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0209_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96676
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Army And Civil Defense Militia Fight Guerrillas In El Salvador
- Date
- 1982-01-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran soldier, left, and a member of a local civil defense militia, right, take cover in a neighborhood cemetery during a battle with guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front, FMLN, in San Salvador, El Salvador, January 1, 1982. Civil defense units in El Salvador operated under military command and were complicit along with the Salvadoran National Guard in indiscriminate attacks on peasant cooperatives and villages suspected of subversive sympathies.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Human rights violations
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0233_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96700
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Army Checkpoint In Guatemala City
- Date
- 1982-02-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Guatemalan army soldiers check bus passengers for weapons in Guatemala City, Guatemala, February 1, 1982. Tighter security measures were being taken due to the upcoming presidential elections scheduled for March 7, 1982. In the 36-year domestic armed conflict lasting from 1960-1996, an estimated 200,000 people were killed, up to 45,000 civilians were forcibly disappeared, and between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were internally displaced or fled the country. Guatemala's Historical Clarification Commission determined 93 percent of the violence was perpetrated by the state.
- Subject
- Guatemala; Civil war; Elections; Daily life; Counterinsurgency; State-sponsored violence
- Country
- Guatemala
- Local Identifier
- guatemala_nb_0125_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96850
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Army Helicopter Resupply In San Miguel Department
- Date
- 1983-08-23
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran army helicopter lands with a supply of food during a military operation in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 23, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0143_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96610
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Army Helicopter Resupply In San Miguel Department
- Date
- 1983-08-23
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran army helicopter lands with a supply of food during a military operation in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 23, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0126_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96593
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Assassination In Downtown Guatemala City
- Date
- 1982-01-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Police and fire department workers attend to a dead paramilitary bank guard who was shot and killed in downtown Guatemala City, Guatemala on January 1, 1982. The guard was shot by an unknown assailant and it was presumed to be an assassination. The revolutionary movement reached its height between 1980 and 1981 just as the indiscriminate violence of the military's counterinsurgency operations was set to escalate. But by early 1982 the urban insurgency in Guatemala City would be almost completely eradicated by government security forces and paramilitary units after taking serious losses to its infrastructure through the state's dismantling of unions and other popular movements.
- Subject
- Guatemala; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Cold War
- Country
- Guatemala
- Local Identifier
- guatemala_nb_0061_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96786
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Associated Press Photojournalist Luis Alberto Romero
- Date
- 1983-04-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Associated Press photojournalist Luis Alberto Romero gestures outside a news event in San Salvador, El Salvador, April 1, 1983. Every major paper and wire service had a bureau in El Salvador while international concern maintained the Central American conflicts as hemispheric battles over communist expansion.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Cold War
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Luis Alberto Romero
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0212_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96340
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- The Atlacatl Battalion Advances In Tenancingo
- Date
- 1983-09-27
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A soldier from the Atlacatl Battalion advances during a military operation in pursuit of guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tenancingo, El Salvador, September 27, 1983. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first Salvadoran rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0133_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96261
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- The Atlacatl Battalion Advances In Tenancingo
- Date
- 1983-09-27
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Soldiers from the Atlacatl Battalion advance during a military operation in pursuit of guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tenancingo, El Salvador, September 27, 1983. Rapid reaction battalions were trained in counterinsurgency tactics to combat guerrilla warfare and were designed and funded by the United States military. Over the course of the civil war from 1980-1992, the United States sent more than $6 billion to the Salvadoran government in economic and military aid.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0261_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96389
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Atlacatl Battalion Commander Lt. Col. Domingo Monterrosa In Santa Tecla, El Salvador
- Date
- 1982-10-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Lieutenant Colonel Domingo Monterrosa speaks with journalists at the military headquarters of the Atlacatl Battalion in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, October 1, 1982. Monterrosa trained at the School of the Americas and headed the controversial Atlacatl Battalion, one of the rapid reaction counterinsurgency battalions coordinated and funded by the United States. The Atlacatl Battalion, under Monterrosa's command, was responsible for the infamous El Mozote massacre of December 1981, which remains the largest single massacre in recent Latin American history. Monterrosa was killed by FMLN guerrillas in a helicopter explosion along with 13 other army officers on October 23, 1984.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Atlacatl Battalion; School of the Americas; Domingo Monterrosa
- Country
- El Salvador
- Subject -- Personal Name
- Domingo Monterrosa
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0157_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96285
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Atlacatl Battalion During Military Operation In San Miguel
- Date
- 1983-08-23
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Salvadoran soldiers from the Atlacatl Battalion are pictured on board a United States-supplied truck during a military operation in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 23, 1983. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first Salvadoran rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Cold War; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0132_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96599
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Atlacatl Battalion During Military Operation In San Miguel
- Date
- 1983-08-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Salvadoran soldiers from the Atlacatl Battalion on the move during a military operation in pursuit of guerrillas in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 1, 1983. Rapid reaction battalions were trained in counterinsurgency tactics to combat guerrilla warfare and were designed and funded by the United States military. Over the course of the civil war from 1980-1992, the United States sent more than $6 billion to the Salvadoran government in economic and military aid.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Cold War; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0133_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96600
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Atlacatl Battalion In Military Operation In San Miguel Department
- Date
- 1983-08-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Salvadoran soldiers from the Atlacatl Battalion wake in the early morning in fog-enveloped hills before moving into position against armed guerrillas from the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo, ERP, in San Miguel department, El Salvador, August 1, 1983. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first Salvadoran rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Military aid; United States foreign policy; Counterinsurgency; Cold War; Insurgency; Atlacatl Battalion; Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP)
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0079_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96207
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Atlacatl Battalion In Pursuit Of FMLN Guerrillas In San Miguel
- Date
- 1983-09-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Salvadoran soldiers of the Atlacatl Battalion stop during a military operation in San Miguel, El Salvador, September 1, 1983. Rapid reaction battalions were trained in counterinsurgency tactics to combat guerrilla warfare and were designed and funded by the United States military. The Atlacatl Battalion was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0105_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96233
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Atlacatl Battalion In Pursuit Of FMLN Guerrillas In San Miguel
- Date
- 1983-09-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- Salvadoran members of the Atlacatl battalion cross a river during a military operation in San Miguel department, El Salvador, September 1, 1983. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first Salvadoran rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; United States foreign policy; Human rights violations; Cold War; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0093_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96221
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Atlacatl Battalion In Pursuit Of FMLN Guerrillas In San Miguel
- Date
- 1983-09-01
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A Salvadoran soldier from the Atlacatl Battalion stands behind a U.S.-supplied .50 caliber machine gun as soldiers walk along a dirt road during a military operation in San Miguel department, El Salvador, September 1, 1983. The Atlacatl Battalion was trained at Ft. Bragg in the United States by U.S. Special Forces as the first Salvadoran rapid response counterinsurgency battalion and was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Military; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; Cold War; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_ct_0123_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96590
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image
- Title
- Atlacatl Battalion In Pursuit Of FMLN Guerrillas In Tenancingo
- Date
- 1983-09-27
- Creator
- Nickelsberg, Robert
- Description
- A wounded soldier, center, from the Atlacatl Battalion is evacuated by soldiers during a military operation in pursuit of guerrillas from the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, in Tenancingo, El Salvador, September 27, 1983. Rapid reaction battalions were trained in counterinsurgency tactics to combat guerrilla warfare and were designed and funded by the United States military. The Atlacatl Battalion was implicated in some of the most infamous human rights violations of the twelve-year armed conflict.
- Subject
- Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Counterinsurgency; Military aid; Human rights violations; United States foreign policy; Cold War; Atlacatl Battalion
- Country
- El Salvador
- Local Identifier
- elsalvador_nb_0003_web.tif
- Collection
- The Photographic Archive of Robert Nickelsberg
- URI/handle
- http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96131
- mods_typeOfResource_mt
- still image