A woman holds a picture of Archbishop Óscar Romero on the fourth anniversary of his assassination, San Salvador, El Salvador, March 24, 1984. Romero spoke out against the increasing violence and economic inequality sustained by the Salvadoran state regime and was murdered during mass on March 24, 1980 by a right-wing death squad under the orders of Roberto D’Aubuisson. The martyred Romero was officially canonized as a saint by Pope Francis in 2018.
Father Renato Pellachin, an Italian Franciscan priest, left, speaks with leftist guerrilla officials from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, center and right, in La Reina, El Salvador, February 4, 1983. During the twelve-year civil war, the Catholic Church in El Salvador often condemned the violence and oppression perpetrated by the authoritarian regime, with some members of the clergy sharing guerrilla sympathies.
Clerical members of the Episcopal Bishops Conference of El Salvador meet at a press conference to discuss the visit of Pope John Paul ll to El Savador two weeks prior, San Salvador, El Salvador, March 25, 1983. The clerics are left to right: unknown, Archbishop Arturo Rivera y Damas, center, Monsignor Marco René Revelo, Monsignor José Eduardo Alvarez, and right, Monsignor Oscar Barahona Castillo. The Pope’s visit to Central America highlighted the conflicts between the Vatican and followers of liberation theology within the Church, and presented the newly-appointed Archbishop Rivera y Damas as a progressive caught within a site of Cold War tensions.
Monsignor Arturo Rivera y Damas, center, leads a procession on Palm Sunday in San Salvador, El Salvador, April 4, 1982. Rivera y Damas was named Archbishop in February of 1983 after the post was left unfilled following the March 1980 assassination of Archbishop Óscar Romero. RIvera y Damas was similarly outspoken in denouncing injustice and crimes committed by the state and he led the Church as a monitor in the country’s 1992 UN-backed peace process.